Michael J. Kleeman
Professor
Civil & Environmental Engineering
3125 Engineering III (office)
2110 Engineering III (lab)
(530) 752-8386
mjkleeman@ucdavis.edu
Ph.D. 1998 California Institute of Technology
RESEARCH
Professor Kleeman's research is focused on the study of urban and
regional air quality problems with an emphasis on the size and
composition of atmospheric particles and gas-to-particle conversion
processes. These issues are important because research has found that
airborne particles with diameters less than 2.5 microns cause adverse
health effects. The size and composition of particles found in the
atmosphere also determines much of the visibility reduction observed in
large cities.
San Gabriel mountains north of Pasadena, CA, on a
clear day (top) and a heavily polluted day (bottom)
The experimental component of Professor Kleeman's research involves the
measurement of the size and composition of particles when they are
released to the atmosphere and after they have been transformed by
physical and chemical processing.
Collecting airborne particle samples for size and composition analysis at Bodega Bay, CA.
This detailed information is then used in mechanistic air quality
modeling calculations that track the evolution of particles in the
atmosphere after they have been released from the source. By following
these particles separately, it is possible to calculate how different
emissions sources influence the size and composition of particles at
down-wind receptor sites. Ultimately, this makes it possible to
calculate the effect that different sources have on visibility and
human health.
Contributions to visibility reduction calculated for Claremont, CA, on August 28, 1987.
Detailed calculations such as those described above require significant
computational resources. Today's supercomputers have grown to meet
these challenges but at a large price. To overcome this obstacle,
Professor Kleeman's research group uses clustered workstations and the
Linux operating system to create a distributed memory parallel computer
("beowulf" system). This platform provides a powerful and flexible
computing environment suitable for large air quality modeling
calculations.
The computer cluster maintained by the Kleeman
research group for air quality modeling has 400 nodes and is one of the
largest parallel computers within the University of California
system that is operated by a single research group. Grad student
Jianlin Hu and Postdoc James Chen are shown
here with the latest 80 quad core nodes.
CURRENT
PROJECTS
Climate impacts on air quality in California. Large scale
meteorological patterns predicted by Global Climate Models will be
downscaled to local scales using regional weather forecasting
models. Source-oriented particle chemistry will be incorporated
into the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model so that air quality
feedbacks on local meteorology can be studied. Emissions
information will be collected from motor vehicles powered by
alternative fuels and incorporated into model calculation.
Results will be used to predict health impacts of climate change in
California via changes to air quality.
Future Air Quality in the San Joaquin Valley. In this research we will integrate economic forecasts with land-use models, water constraint models, travel demand models, and stationary source models to create an emissions modeling system that can be used to predict future air pollution emissions in central California during the year 2030.
Source apportionment of fine and ultrafine particles in California. Airborne particle samples collected with filter-based samplers and Micro Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactors (MOUDIs) will be analyzed for the quantity of unique chemical tracers that can be used in a source apportionment analysis. The final stage of the MOUDI collects particles exclusively in the ultrafine particle size range. Apportionment of the particulate matter collected on this stage will effectively reveal the contribution that different sources make to ultrafine particle concentrations.
Advanced Modeling of Airborne Particulate Matter in the San Joaquin Valley. A mechanistic air quality model will be applied to the San Joaquin Valley that can predict airborne particle composition at a level of detail approaching single particle representation. Model predictions will be compared to impactor measurements and single particle measurements for validation. The ultimate objective will be to understand factors leading to high particulate matter concentrations and to test alternative strategies to improve air quality. Students and postdoctoral scholars with a strong interest in photochemical modeling and aerosol dynamics are encouraged to apply.
Source Apportionment of Secondary Particulate Matter. This research
will use a mechanistic air quality model to determine how different
sources contribute to secondary airborne particulate matter.
Students and postdoctoral scholars with a strong interest in
photochemical modeling and aerosol dynamics are encouraged to apply.
Ozone Forming Potential of Dairy Emissions. The ozone that
forms as the result of VOC emissions from dairy farms will be measured
and modeled under typical conditions experienced in central California.
Health Effects of Airborne Particulate Matter. This project will attempt to identify the source-origin of airborne particles that cause adverse health effects in California's polluted San Joaquin Valley (SJV). Airborne particle samples will be collected at multiple locations during summer and winter to span the full range of conditions experienced in the SJV. Chemical fingerprints measured during previous source characterization experiments will be used to identify the source origin of particles in the fine and ultra-fine size ranges. Students with a strong interest in aerosol measurements are encouraged to apply.
TEACHING
- ECI19 C Programming for Engineers. Introduction to C programming with extensions to parallel computing.
- ECI119 Parallel Processing for Engineering Applications. Advanced parallel processing on distributed memory systems.
- ECI150 Air Pollution Control Systems Design. Design and control of air pollution control devices and systems.
- ECI241 Air Quality. Modeling. Modeling of urban and regional air quality problems including physical transformation, chemical reaction, and phase transfer. Emphasis on numerical techniques used in modern models.
- ECI242 Air Quality. Physical and chemical fundamentals of atmospheric transport and reaction.
- ECI247 Aerosols Behavior of airborne particles including formation, modification, and removal processes.
- ECI247L Aerosols Laboratory. Exercises designed to familiarize students with methods of generation and characterization of aerosols.
PUBLICATIONS
2008 Kleeman, M.J., S.G. Riddle, and C.A. Jakober. Size Distribution of Particle-Phase Molecular Markers During a Severe Winter Pollution Episode. Environmental Science and Technology, accepted for publication.2008 Riddle, S., M.A. Robert, C.A. Jakober, M.P. Hannigan, and M.J. Kleeman. Size-resolved Source Apportionment of Airborne Particulate Matter in a Roadside Environment. Environmental Science and Technology, accepted for publication.
2008 Ying, Q., J. Lu, P. Allen, P. Livingstone, A. Kaduwela, and M.J. Kleeman. Modeling Air Qualitying During the California Regional PM10/PM2.5 Air Quality Study Using the UCD/CIT Source-Oriented Air Quality Model - Part I. Base Case Model Results. Atmospheric Environment, accepted for publication.
2008 Ying, Q., J. Lu, A. Kaduwela, and M.J. Kleeman. Modeling Air Qualitying During the California Regional PM10/PM2.5 Air Quality Study Using the UCD/CIT Source-Oriented Air Quality Model - Part II. Regional Source Apportionment of Primary Airborne Particulate Matter. Atmospheric Environment, accepted for publication.
2008 Yang, W., A. Kumar, C.J. Howard, M.J. Kleeman, D. Derrick, and P.G. Green. Towards a Field Method for Assessment of Ozone Formation Potential from Pesticide Application. Journal of ASTM International, accepted for publication.
2008 Jakober, C.A., M.A. Robert, S.G. Riddle, H. Destaillats, M.J. Charles, P.G. Green, and M.J. Kleeman. Carbonyl Emissions From Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology, accepted for publication.
2008 Howard, C.J., W. Yang, P.G. Green, F. Mitloehner, I. Malkina, R.G. Flocchini, and M.J. Kleeman. Direct Measurement of Ozone Formation Potential from Dairy Cattle Emissions Using a Transportable Smog Chamber. Atmospheric Environment, 42 pp5267-5277.
2008 Kleeman, M.J., M.A. Robert, S.G. Riddle, P.M. Fine, M.D. Hays, J.J. Schauer, and M.P. Hannigan. Size Distribution of Trace Organic Species Emitted From Biomass Combustion and Meat Charbroiling. Atmospheric Environment, 42 pp3059-3075.
2008 Clegg, S.L., M.J. Kleeman, R.J. Griffin, and J.H. Seinfeld. Effects of Uncertainties in the Thermodynamic Properties of Aerosol Components in an Air Quality Model. I. Treatment of inorganic electrolytes and organic compounds in the condensed phase. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 8(4) pp1057-1085.
2008 Clegg, S.L., M.J. Kleeman, R.J. Griffin, and J.H. Seinfeld. Effects of Uncertainties in the Thermodynamic Properties of Aerosol Components in an Air Quality Model. II. Predictions of Pure Component Vapour Pressures of Organic Compounds. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 8(4) pp1087-1103.
2008 Kleeman, M.J. A Preliminary Assessment of the Sensitivity of Air Quality in California to Global Change. Climatic Change, 87 (Suppl 1), pp273-292.
2008 Kleeman, M.J., S.G. Riddle, M.A. Robert, and C.A. Jakober. Lubricating Oil and Fuel Contributions to Particulate Matter Emissions from Light Duty Gasoline and Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology, 42, pp235-242.
2007 Robert,
2007 Robert,
2007 Riddle,
2007 Jakober, C. A.; S.G. Riddle, M.A. Robert, H. Destaillats, M.J. Charles; P.G. Green, M.J. Kleeman. Quinone Emissions from Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology, 41 pp 4548-4554.
2007 Riddle SG, M.A.
2007 Riddle SG, M.A.
2007 Kleeman, M.J., Q. Ying, J. Lu, M.J. Mysliwiec, R.J. Griffin, J. Chen, and S. Clegg. Source Apportionment of Secondary Organic Aerosol During a Severe Photochemical Smog Episode. Atmospheric Environment, Vol 41, pp576-591.
2007 Ying, Q., M.P. Fraser, R.J. Griffin, J. chen, and M.J. Kleeman. Verification of a Source-Oriented Externally Mixed Air Quality Model During a Severe Photochemical Smog Episode. Atmospheric Environment, Vol 41, pp1521-1538.
2006 Herner, J.D., J. Aw, O. Gao, D.P. Chang, and M.J. Kleeman, Dominant Mechanisms that Shape the Airborne Particle Size and Composition Distribution in Central California. Aerosol Science and Technology Vol 40, pp 827-844.
2006 Jakober, C.A., M.J. Charles, M.J. Kleeman, P.G. Green. LC-MS analysis of carbonyl compounds and their occurrence in diesel aerosol. Analytical Chemistry, Vol 78, pp 5086-5093.
2006 Herner, J.D., P.G. Green, and M.J. Kleeman, Measuring the trace elemental composition of size-resolved airborne particles. Environmental Science and Technology 40: 1925-1933.
2006 Ying, Q. and M.J. Kleeman, Source contributions to the regional distribution of secondary particulate matter in California. Atmospheric Environment, 40: 736-752.
2005 Hays M.D., P.M. Fine, C.D. Geron, M.J. Kleeman, and B.K. Gullett. Open burning of agricultural biomass: Physical and chemical properties of particle-phase emissions. Atmospheric Environment 39: 6747-6764.
2005 Kleeman MJ, Ying Q, Kaduwela A. Control strategies for the reduction of airborne particulate nitrate in California's San Joaquin Valley. Atmospheric Environment 39: 5325-5341.
2005 Held T., Q. Ying, M.J. Kleeman, J.J. Schauer, M.P. Fraser. A comparison of the UCD/CIT air quality model and the CMB source-receptor model for primary airborne particulate matter. Atmospheric Environment. 39: 2281-2297.
2005 Herner J.D., J. Aw, O. Gao, D.P.Y. Chang, M.J. Kleeman. Size and composition distribution of airborne particulate matter in northern California. 1. Particulate mass, carbon, and water soluble ions. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 55: 31-51.: 3689-3711.
2004 Held T, Q. Ying, A. Kaduwela, M.J. Kleeman. Modeling particulate matter in the San Joaquin Valley with a source-oriented externally mixed three-dimensional photochemical grid model. Atmospheric Environment 38(22): 3689-3711.
2004 Ying Q, M. Mysliwiec, M.J. Kleeman. Source apportionment of visibility impairment using a three-dimensional source-oriented air quality model. Environmental Science and Technology 38(4) 1089-1101.
2003 Ying Q, M.J. Kleeman. Effects of aerosol UV extinction on the formation of ozone and secondary particulate matter. Atmospheric Environment 37 (36): 5047-5068.
2003 Aw J, M.J. Kleeman. Evaluating the first-order effect of intraannual temperature variability on urban air pollution. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres 108 (D12) Art. No. 4365.
2003 Foresman E.L., M.J. Kleeman, T.P. Kear, D.N. Niemeier. PM10 conformity determination using the equivalent emissions method. Transportation Research Part D - Transport and the Environment. 8: 97-112.
2002 Griffin R.J., D. Dabdub, M.J. Kleeman, M.P. Fraser, G.R. Cass, J.H. Seinfeld. Secondary organi aerosol - 3. Urban / regional scale model of size- and composition-resolved aerosols. Journal of Geophysical Research. 107: Sept 2002.
2002 Mysliwiec M.J., M.J. Kleeman. Source apportionment of secondary particulate matter in a polluted atmosphere. Environmental Science and Technology. 36: 5376-5384.
2002 Bhave P.V., M.J. Kleeman, J.O. Allen, L.S. Hughes, G.R. Cass. Evaluation of an air quality model for the size and composition of source-oriented particle classes. Environmental Science and Technology. 36: 2154-2163.
2002 Schauer J.J., M.J. Kleeman, G.R. Cass, B.R.T. Simoneit. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 3. C-1-C-32 organic compounds from gasoline-powered motor vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology, 36:1169-1180.
2002 Schauer J.J., M.J. Kleeman, G.R. Cass, B.R.T. Simoneit. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 3. C-1-C-27 organic compounds from cooking with seed oils. Environmental Science and Technology, 36:567-575.
2001 Kleeman M.J., G.R. Cass. A 3D Eulerian source-oriented model for an externally mixed aerosol. Environmental Science and Technology, 35: 4834-4848.
2001 Kleeman M.J., A. Eldering, J.R. Hall, G.R. Cass. Effect of emissions control programs on visibility in Southern California. Environmental Science and Technology, 35: 4668-4674.
2001 Chung A., J.D. Herner, M.J. Kleeman. Detection of alkaline ultrafine atmospheric particles at Bakersfield, California. Environmental Science and Technology, 35: 2184-2190.
2001 Schauer J.J., M.J. Kleeman, G.R. Cass, B.R.T. Simoneit. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 3. C-1-C-29 organic compounds from fireplace combustion of wood. Environmental Science and Technology, 35:1716-1728.
2001 Chung A., D.P.Y. Chang, M.J. Kleeman, K.D. Perry, T.A. Cahill, D. Dutcher, E.M. McDougall, K. Stroud. Comparison of real-time instruments used to monitor airborne particulate matter. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 51: 109-120.
2000 Cass G.R., L.S. Hughes, P. Bhave, M.J. Kleeman, J.O. Allen, L.G. Salmon. The chemical composition of atmospheric ultrafine particles. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A-Mathemcatical Physcial and Engineering Sciences. 358: 2581-2592.
2000 Hughes L.S., J.O. Allen, P. Bhave, M.J. Kleeman, G.R. Cass, D.Y. Liu, D.F. Fergenson, B.D. Morrical, K.A. Prather. Evolution of atmospheric particles along trajectories crossing the Los Angeles basin. Environmental Science and Technology, 34: 3058-3068.
2000 Kleeman, M.J., J.J. Schauer, and G.R. Cass. Size and Composition Distribution of Fine Particulate Matter Emitted from Motor Vehicles. Environmental Science, and Technology, 34:1132-1142.
2000 Fraser, M.P., M.J. Kleeman, J.J. Schauer, and G.R. Cass. Modeling the Atmospheric Concentrations of Individual Gas-Phase and Particle-Phase Organic Compounds. Environmental Science and Technology, 34:1302-1312.
2000 Allen, J.O., D.P. Fergenson, E.E. Gard, L.S. Hughes, B.D. Morrical, M.J. Kleeman, D.S. Gross, M.E. Galli, K.A. Prather and G.R. Cass. Particle Detection Efficiencies of Aerosol Time of Flight Mass Spectrometers under Ambient Sampling Conditions. Environmental Science, and Technology, 34:211-217.
1999 Kleeman, M.J., and G.R. Cass. Effect of Emissions Control Strategies on the Size and Composition Distribution of Urban Particulate Air Pollution. Environmental Science and Technology, 33: 177-189.
1999 Kleeman, M.J., and G.R. Cass. Identifying the Effect of Individual Emissions Sources on Particulate Air Quality Within a Photochemical Aerosol Processes Trajectory Model. Atmospheric Environment, Atmospheric Environment 33:4597-4613.
1999 Kleeman, M.J., J.J. Schauer, and G.R. Cass. Size and Composition Distribution of Fine Particulate Matter Emitted from Wood Burning, Meat Charbroiling and Cigarettes. Environmental Science, and Technology, Environmental Science, and Technology, 33:3516-3523.
1999 Kleeman, M.J., L.S. Hughes, J.O. Allen, and G.R. Cass. Source Contributions to the Size and Composition Distribution of Atmospheric Particles: Southern California in Septemeber, 1996. Environmental Science, and Technology, 33:4331-4341.
1999 Hughes, L.S., J.O. Allen, M.J. Kleeman, R.J. Johnson, G.R. Cass, D.S. Gross, E.E. Gard, M.E. Galli, B.D. Morrical, D.P. Fergenson, T. Dienes, C.A. Noble, P.J. Silva, K.A. Prather. Size and Composition Distribution of Atmospheric Particles in Southern California. Environmental Science and Technology, 33:3506-3515.
1999 Schauer, J.J., M.J. Kleeman, G.R. Cass, B.R.T. Simoneit. Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 1. C-1 through C-29 Organic Compounds from Meat Charbroiling. Environmental Science and Technology 33:1566-1577.
1999 Schauer, J.J.; M.J. Kleeman, G.R. Cass, B.R.T. Simoneit. Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 2. C-1 through C-30 Organic Compounds from Medium Duty Diesel Trucks. Environmental Science and Technology 33:1578-1587.
1998 Gard, E.E., M.J. Kleeman, D.S. Gross, L.S. Hughes, J.O. Allen, B.D. Morrical, D.P. Fergenson. T. Dienes, M.E. Galli, R.J. Johnson, G.R. Cass, and K.A. Prather. Direct Observations of Heterogeneous Chemistry in the Atmosphere. Science, 279:1184-1187.
1998 Kleeman, M.J., and G.R. Cass. Source Contributions to the Size and Composition Distribution of Urban Particulate Air Pollution. Atmospheric Environment, 32:2803-2816.
1997 Kleeman, M.J., A. Eldering and G.R. Cass. Modeling the Airborne Particle Complex as a Source-Oriented External Mixture. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102:21355-21372.